Hvordan det hele begynte (troen på at kolestorol og mettet fett førte til hjertekar-sykdommer) på 1950:
"... Nonetheless, in the 1950's a researcher named Ancel Keys, armed with the knowledge that fat and cholesterol produced lipid build-up in the arteries of certain animals, proposed that the same dietary constituents were causing heart disease in humans. Keys plotted the coronary heart disease (CHD) death rates from a mere six countries on a graph, and was able to show an almost perfect correlation between fat consumption and CHD mortality (3).
However, Keys had hand-picked his countries; data was actually available for 22 countries at the time, and when another group of researchers later plotted the data from all these countries on a graph, Key's correlation vanished into thin air (4). Keys, however, was on the nutrition advisory committee of the powerful American Heart Association, and his erroneous theories were officially incorporated into AHA dietary guidelines in 1961 (5) A long tradition of selectively citing epidemiological research of questionable validity had begun in earnest.
Epidemiological research is the study of disease trends among certain populations. It can involve comparisons between inhabitants of different countries, or of those living in the same country, state, or city. Such population-based research can be useful in identifying potentially fruitful leads for further research, but epidemiological data should never be used as conclusive proof of anything. Due to the presence of so many other confounding factors, it is at best circumstantial. One of the arguments commonly used in support of the lipid hypothesis is that countries with high levels of saturated fat consumption have the highest levels of CHD. Sure they do - but they also have the highest consumption of sugar, refined carbohydrates, polyunsaturated vegetable oils, hydrogenated vegetable fats, and the lowest levels of physical activity, all of which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of CHD...
The bottom line is that when the gold standard of proof from tightly-controlled, double-blind trials is demanded of those propagating the saturated fat and cholesterol myth, they cannot provide any - which, of course, is why they rely so heavily on notoriously unreliable, selectively-cited epidemiological studies...."
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